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Attitudes toward Hikiagesha

1954 when we applied for US citizenship, that we found out – we found out that we qualified for immigration or permanent residency here, in the United States, so our parents wished to come here. At that time, the returnees were not welcome, and there were a lot of negative attitude toward the returnees. They call it “hikiagesha,” and parents had a good life, and that was the first time that they were able to make decisions on their own, without older brother or head of the family to tell them what to do.


immigration Philippines United States

Date: July 12, 2017

Location: California, US

Interviewer: Mitsue Watanabe, Yoko Nishimura, Leighton Okada

Contributed by: Watase Media Arts Center, Japanese American National Museum

Interviewee Bio

Sawako Ashizawa Uchimura was born in Davao, Mindanao, Philippines on March 25, 1938 as the first daughter of Katsujiro and Ura “Mie” Ashizawa. She was 7 years old in 1945 when her family had to leave the Philippines after Japan’s defeat in World War II. Her family lived in Shizuoka for the next 10 years. ​Later the family received r​​esidency status in the United States ​and arrived in Los Angeles ​in March 1956. Sawako went to Alhambra High School and later studied at Pasadena City College. She eventually found a generous mentor who helped support her through her education at San Jose State University and became a​​n occupational therapist. Currently she is volunteering at the Sakura Garden (Formerly Keiro Retirement Home). (March 2018)

Margaret Narumi
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Margaret Narumi

Nomo's Risk

Producer at NHK Cosmomedia America, Inc.

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Margaret Narumi
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Margaret Narumi

The Nomo Tornado in 1995 (Japanese)

Producer at NHK Cosmomedia America, Inc.

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Acey Kohrogi
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Acey Kohrogi

Welcoming Nomo

Former Director of Asian Operations for Los Angeles Dodgers

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Acey Kohrogi
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Acey Kohrogi

Nomo's personality

Former Director of Asian Operations for Los Angeles Dodgers

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Acey Kohrogi
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Acey Kohrogi

Nomo attendance boost

Former Director of Asian Operations for Los Angeles Dodgers

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Acey Kohrogi
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Acey Kohrogi

Dodgers relationship with Japan

Former Director of Asian Operations for Los Angeles Dodgers

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Yoshiko Yamaguchi
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Yoshiko Yamaguchi

Benefits of getting American citizenship (Japanese)

(b. 1931) Shin-Issei Social Worker 

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Toshiaki Toyoshima
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Toshiaki Toyoshima

Difficulty of spreading authentic sushi (Japanese)

(b. 1949) Sushi chef. Owner of Sushi Gen restaurant in Los Angeles’ Little Tokyo.

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Toshiaki Toyoshima
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Toshiaki Toyoshima

Teaching how to eat sushi (Japanese)

(b. 1949) Sushi chef. Owner of Sushi Gen restaurant in Los Angeles’ Little Tokyo.

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Kazumu Naganuma
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Kazumu Naganuma

Checking in with Immigration once a month

(b. 1942) Japanese Peruvian incarcerated in Crystal City

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