Discover Nikkei

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Being an outsider

When you got back like to San Bernardino. You know, there—there isn’t a community there. There’s uh, maybe two other families that I know of. The Abes and the…. I can’t remember the other family’s name but that was it, you know. There was some migrant workers that were there before the war, but after the war, there was just us, you know, the three families.

And uh, I grew up in a barrio area, which is a Spanish speaking area so my parents spoke uh, Spanish, Japanese, and English. And, I can do the counting and the ordering of—you know I can name the foods and things like that because of that experience.

But you grew up realizing that you, or I did any way that that’s the way I came out of it is that, I’ve always been an observer of being on the outside and looking in on people, not being—feeling that I’m a part of it. That’s with art, that’s with society in general.


California imprisonment incarceration San Bernardino United States World War II camps

Date: September 8, 2011

Location: California, US

Interviewer: John Esaki, Kris Kuramitsu

Contributed by: Watase Media Arts Center, Japanese American National Museum

Interviewee Bio

Ben Sakoguchi, born in 1938, is a painter and printmaker who has lived in the Los Angeles area his entire life, except for the time when he and his family were incarcerated in Poston Arizona. After studying painting in the 1960s at the University of California, Los Angeles, he developed a distinctive style that is rooted in pairing a narrative painting tradition with a pop culture vocabulary. He is best known for his long running “Orange Crate Label” series, using the classic crate label format to explore diverse subject matter and to combine them in a way that allows for both sharp critique and wry humor. His work is deeply and politically engaged, and he takes a deep delight in the craft and beauty of painting itself. Sakoguchi was a professor at Pasadena City College for nearly 35 years. Visit his website at bensakoguchi.com. (Oct. 2011)

Houston,Jeanne Wakatsuki

Documenting family history for future generations

(b. 1934) Writer

Houston,Jeanne Wakatsuki

Not a "camp story" but a human story

(b. 1934) Writer

Kansuma,Fujima

Neighbor took care of hotel business during the World War II

(1918-2023) Nisei Japanese kabuki dancer

Kansuma,Fujima

Different learning style in Japan and the United States

(1918-2023) Nisei Japanese kabuki dancer

Herzig,Aiko Yoshinaga

Family separated in the camps

(1924-2018) Researcher, Activist

Herzig,Aiko Yoshinaga

Feeling imprisoned at camp

(1924-2018) Researcher, Activist

Herzig,Aiko Yoshinaga

Institutionalization as a bad aspect of camp

(1924-2018) Researcher, Activist

Herzig,Aiko Yoshinaga

Political motivation to keep the camps open until end of 1944 election

(1924-2018) Researcher, Activist

Minami,Dale

An emotional response from mother upon talking about incarceration experience

(b. 1946) Lawyer

Minami,Dale

Role of the redress movement in helping Nisei to open up about their wartime experiences

(b. 1946) Lawyer

Nakagawa,Mako

Not recognizing father after reunion at Crystal City, Texas

(1937 - 2021) Teacher

Nakagawa,Mako

Living conditions at Crystal City, Texas

(1937 - 2021) Teacher

Nakagawa,Mako

A child's memories of activities at Crystal City, Texas

(1937 - 2021) Teacher

Nakagawa,Mako

Thoughts on relationship between Japanese Peruvians and Japanese Americans at Crystal City, Texas

(1937 - 2021) Teacher

Yamada,George

Encountering a train full of Japanese Americans being transported to a concentration camp

(b. 1923) Chick sexer