Interviews

1. Memories of the ship heading to the U.S.

2. Thunder in Crystal City

3. Kids activities in Crystal City

4. Having a house at camp

5. Having nowhere to go postwar

6. Feeling of foreigness

7. Art helped him to feel less foreign in school

8. First Boy Scouts troop in San Francisco

9. Trip to Japan as a Boy Scout

10. Playing basketball in the army

11. Working as a typist in the army

12. Painting murals and signs in the army

Naganuma,George Kazuharu

(b. 1938) Japanese Peruvian incarcerated in Crystal City

Memories of the ship heading to the U.S.

I remember, not boarding the ship, but I remember being in the ship and the room that we were in. I remember there were seven of us in one room, I remember that. And we were all seasick, it was terrible, I'm sure. And I remember roaming around the ship and kind of was able to peek outside, and I can see the soldier standing guard with the rifle or whatever he had on his shoulder.

Japanese Peruvians Peru ships World War II

Date: September 20, 2019

Location: California, US

Interviewer: Tom Ikeda and Yoko Nishimura

Contributed by: Watase Media Arts Center, Japanese American National Museum and Denshō: The Japanese American Legacy Project.

Interviewee Bio

George Kazuharu Naganuma was born in Lima, Peru to his Issei parents in 1938. His family were forced to board a ship, to be incarcerated at Crystal City, Texas, during World War II. They remained there even after the war had ended, without a place to go. They were able to leave via a sponsorship by a reverend in San Francisco, California, where they were able to find jobs and housing. George joined the Boy Scouts in San Francisco and was able to visit Japan with his troop. He joined the U.S. Army and worked as a clerical typist. (June 2020)