Discover Nikkei Logo

https://www.discovernikkei.org/en/interviews/clips/619/

Waiting for the right time to start Redress Movement

There was no way we could do it (Redress Movement) before [the 1980s]. We didn’t have the facts to begin with. Other things, we were so busy trying to rebuild our lives, we were afraid, if they did [this] to us one time, what’s going to keep them from putting us away again if we starting doing something like this [suing the government]? If your constitutional rights are so flagrantly violated, what kind of assurance is there that they’re not going to do something like that again? There were people I know who still felt that way at that time in 1980, ‘81, ‘82.


Redress movement

Date: August 26, 1998

Location: Virginia, US

Interviewer: Darcie Iki, Mitchell Maki

Contributed by: Watase Media Arts Center, Japanese American National Museum

Interviewee Bio

Aiko Yoshinaga Herzig was born in Sacramento, California in 1924. Her family immigrated from Kumamoto, Japan in 1919. During the Depression, the Yoshinaga family moved to Los Angeles, California.

During World War II, Aiko was incarcerated first at Manzanar with her husband’s family. She transferred to Jerome, Arkansas with her newborn daughter to be with her family. In 1944, the Yoshinaga family left Jerome and resettled in New York. She divorced and remarried a Nisei soldier. She went with him to Japan where he worked during the Occupation period. One of her husband’s co-workers was her future husband, Jack Herzig.

After her return to the United States, Aiko became involved in Asian Americans for Action. Aiko and Jack played a pivotal role in the Redress Movement through their research at the National Archives in Washington D.C. The documents they found were instrumental in the coram nobis case that vacated the convictions against Fred Korematsu, Min Yasui, and Gordon Hirabayashi. Aiko was also hired as the primary researcher for the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, and then worked for the Department of Justice Office of Redress Administration to help identify individuals eligible for redress payments. 

She passed away on July 18, 2018 at age 93. (July 2018)

Grayce Ritsu Kaneda Uyehara
en
ja
es
pt
Grayce Ritsu Kaneda Uyehara

Importance of education in achieving redress for incarceration

(1919-2014) Activist for civil rights and redress for World War II incarceration of Japanese Americans.

en
ja
es
pt
Art Shibayama
en
ja
es
pt
Art Shibayama

Denied redress as a Japanese Peruvian

(1930-2018) Nisei born in Peru. Taken to the United States during WWII.

en
ja
es
pt
Roger Shimomura
en
ja
es
pt
Roger Shimomura

Receiving a negative reaction from father upon asking about World War II experience

(b. 1939) Japanese American painter, printmaker & professor

en
ja
es
pt
Frank Yamasaki
en
ja
es
pt
Frank Yamasaki

Thoughts on redress

(b. 1923) Nisei from Washington. Resisted draft during WWII.

en
ja
es
pt
Mitsuo Ito
en
ja
es
pt
Mitsuo Ito

Redress Movement in Canada

(b.1924) Japanese Canadian Nisei. Interpreter for British Army in Japan after WWII. Active in Japanese Canadian community

en
ja
es
pt
Jack Herzig
en
ja
es
pt
Jack Herzig

His testimony has more credibility because of his race

(1922 - 2005) Former U.S. Army counterintelligence officer

en
ja
es
pt
Jack Herzig
en
ja
es
pt
Jack Herzig

Bringing the Japanese American community together through class-action lawsuit

(1922 - 2005) Former U.S. Army counterintelligence officer

en
ja
es
pt
Dale Minami
en
ja
es
pt
Dale Minami

Role of the redress movement in helping Nisei to open up about their wartime experiences

(b. 1946) Lawyer

en
ja
es
pt
Dale Minami
en
ja
es
pt
Dale Minami

Impact of the original Korematsu case on current events

(b. 1946) Lawyer

en
ja
es
pt
Sue Embrey
en
ja
es
pt
Sue Embrey

Changing Minds

(1923–2006) Community activist. Co-founded the Manzanar Committee

en
ja
es
pt
Sue Embrey
en
ja
es
pt
Sue Embrey

Prevailing Within the System

(1923–2006) Community activist. Co-founded the Manzanar Committee

en
ja
es
pt
Sue Embrey
en
ja
es
pt
Sue Embrey

Fighting For What’s Right

(1923–2006) Community activist. Co-founded the Manzanar Committee

en
ja
es
pt
Henry Miyatake
en
ja
es
pt
Henry Miyatake

Evolving History

(1929 - 2014) One of the earliest proponents behind the redress movement.

en
ja
es
pt
Cherry Kinoshita
en
ja
es
pt
Cherry Kinoshita

Need for Monetary Compensation

(1923–2008) One of the leaders behind the redress movement.

en
ja
es
pt
Cherry Kinoshita
en
ja
es
pt
Cherry Kinoshita

Erasing the Bitterness

(1923–2008) One of the leaders behind the redress movement.

en
ja
es
pt

Discover Nikkei Updates

CALL FOR VIDEOS
Pass the Food!
Be in our video celebrating Nikkei worldwide. Click to learn how to submit! Deadline extended to October 15!
NIKKEI CHRONICLES #13
Nikkei Names 2: Grace, Graça, Graciela, Megumi?
What’s in a name? Share the story of your name with our community. Submissions close on October 31!
NIMA VOICES
Episode 17
November 12
5pm PDT | 7pm PET
Featured Nima:
Graciela Nakachi
Guest Host:
Enrique Higa

Presented in Spanish