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https://www.discovernikkei.org/en/interviews/clips/1408/

Struggles with English (Japanese)

(Japanese) I came back and was working as an apprentice at my aunt’s friend’s place Shopping Bag. But, I don’t understand English, right? I was working with 5 others, all Nisei. They were all college graduates, too, and, on top of that, veterans. They were of a relatively older generation of Nisei, so their Japanese was pretty good. They took care of me. Every time a white customer asked me something, I had to say, “Please wait,” go to the back, and ask one of them, and they’d tell me the answer. At first, I thought, “Well, this is interesting in its own way,” but after a month I had had enough of it and began to think it must be a bother for whomever else was involved, too.

That’s when my childhood friend came up to me and asked how much I was making there. He said, “What are you doing here? You gotta move over to the boarding house in Sawtelle. You’ll make a bunch more money as a gardener.” So, after a month and a half, I stopped working at Shopping Bag and moved out there.


California generations Japanese Americans Kibei Los Angeles Nisei Sawtelle United States

Date: Jan 31, 2012

Location: California, US

Interviewer: John Esaki, Yoko Nishimura

Contributed by: Watase Media Arts Center, Japanese American National Museum

Interviewee Bio

Edward Toru Horikiri (b. 1929), Kibei Nisei, was born in Little Tokyo, but moved with his family back to Japan when he was 18 months old. He was raised and educated in Japan during World War II, but decided to return to the U.S. in 1952 in order to re-establish the family business that was disrupted by the War. However, lacking sufficient English language skills, he did a variety of jobs including gardener, houseboy, truck driver, and grocery and supermarket employee. He continued to be involved in cultural activities through Japanese language community organizations and friendships with artists such as Taro Yashima. (June 2014)

Sakaye Shigekawa
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Sakaye Shigekawa

Differences in discrimination

(1913-2013) Doctor specializing in obstetrics in Southern California

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Sumiko Kozawa
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Sumiko Kozawa

Working at the family flower shop, meeting Greta Garbo

(1916-2016) Florist

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Willie Ito
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Willie Ito

Parents

(b. 1934) Award-winning Disney animation artist who was incarcerated at Topaz during WWII

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Hachiro Ohtomo
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Hachiro Ohtomo

My daughter couldn’t fit in Japan, so I decided to go back to America (Japanese)

(b. 1936) Shin-issei welding business owner

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Hachiro Ohtomo
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Hachiro Ohtomo

Facing discrimination in America (Japanese)

(b. 1936) Shin-issei welding business owner

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Sawako Ashizawa Uchimura
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Sawako Ashizawa Uchimura

Move to Los Angeles

(b. 1938) Philipines-born hikiagesha who later migrated to the United States.

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Toshiaki Toyoshima
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Toshiaki Toyoshima

Going to America after completing a three-year contract twice (Japanese)

(b. 1949) Sushi chef. Owner of Sushi Gen restaurant in Los Angeles’ Little Tokyo.

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Toshiaki Toyoshima
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Toshiaki Toyoshima

Becoming a member of nikkei community (Japanese)

(b. 1949) Sushi chef. Owner of Sushi Gen restaurant in Los Angeles’ Little Tokyo.

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Akira Takashio
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Akira Takashio

First impression of America (Japanese)

Shin Issei – owner of izakaya (Japanese-style tavern) and kappo (small Japanese diner) restaurant, Honda-Ya

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Akira Takashio
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Akira Takashio

Longing for a life abroad and getting a chef’s license (Japanese)

Shin Issei – owner of izakaya (Japanese-style tavern) and kappo (small Japanese diner) restaurant, Honda-Ya

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Akira Takashio
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Akira Takashio

Support from Nikkei (Japanese)

Shin Issei – owner of izakaya (Japanese-style tavern) and kappo (small Japanese diner) restaurant, Honda-Ya

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Iwao Takamoto
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Iwao Takamoto

Return to Los Angeles

Japanese American animator for Walt Disney and Hanna Barbera (1925-2007)

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