Discover Nikkei

https://www.discovernikkei.org/en/interviews/clips/963/

Understanding the passion behind the people giving testimonies

Although you may ask people to cut it [testimony] to five minutes, everybody who got up ran far over five minutes. Anybody that tells me that Japanese Americans are quiet Americans is wrong. They go on and on. So I’m sitting there and this fellow gets up, and I asked everybody to please keep their testimony down to five minutes, and [James] Matsuoka was apparently the next man up at bat. He didn’t like that one bit. He blew up. He said, “I’ve been waiting forty years to give this testimony, and now you want to cut me down to five minutes!”

He was challenging that. “How dare you?” He was berating me as the chair, and I’m sitting there thinking, “Wait a minute fellow, I was in camp too. I was one of the victims. So don’t land on me all over with your feet.” But then I realized and said; “My god, wait a minute. He’s talking to me because I’m a representative of the government. The fact that I happen to be a Nikkei and presiding that particular session, or indeed the fact that I may have been in camp, is irrelevant. You are the government. And I thought, well, he’s right. He’s right.” The way I resolved it with him, I said, “You know, rather than our spending time, which is a waste of time arguing back and forth, why don’t you proceed (chuckles) with your testimony.” And he did.


Redress movement

Date: August 27, 1998

Location: Pennsylvania, US

Interviewer: Darcie Iki, Mitchell Maki

Contributed by: Watase Media Arts Center, Japanese American National Museum

Interviewee Bio

The Honorable William Marutani was born in Kent, Washington. With the enforcement of Executive Order 9066, Marutani was forced to leave his classes at the University of Washington and sent to Fresno Assembly Center in 1942, and later Tule Lake concentration camp. He was released to attend Dakota Wesleyan University in Mitchell, SD in the fall of 1942 as a pre-law student.

After being rejected by the U.S. Navy for being classified as a 4-C enemy alien, Marutani was finally able to serve by joining the Army where he was assigned to the Military Intelligence Service. Following his service, Marutani attended law school at the University of Chicago and moved to Pennsylvania for a six-month clerkship, where he stayed until 1975, when he was appointed to the bench of the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas.

Marutani became active in the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) and served in many different positions. Marutani was appointed to serve on the nine-member Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC) that was created by President Jimmy Carter to investigate matters concerning the wartime incarceration of Japanese Americans. Marutani was the only Japanese American to serve on the commission. (April 11, 2008)

Uyehara,Grayce Ritsu Kaneda

Importance of education in achieving redress for incarceration

(1919-2014) Activist for civil rights and redress for World War II incarceration of Japanese Americans.

Shibayama,Art

Denied redress as a Japanese Peruvian

(1930-2018) Nisei born in Peru. Taken to the United States during WWII.

Shimomura,Roger

Receiving a negative reaction from father upon asking about World War II experience

(b. 1939) Japanese American painter, printmaker & professor

Yamasaki,Frank

Thoughts on redress

(b. 1923) Nisei from Washington. Resisted draft during WWII.

Ito,Mitsuo

Redress Movement in Canada

(b.1924) Japanese Canadian Nisei. Interpreter for British Army in Japan after WWII. Active in Japanese Canadian community

Herzig,Aiko Yoshinaga

Positive experiences with Asian Americans for Action

(1924-2018) Researcher, Activist

Herzig,Aiko Yoshinaga

Redress payments to Issei who did not enter camps

(1924-2018) Researcher, Activist

Herzig,Aiko Yoshinaga

Waiting for the right time to start Redress Movement

(1924-2018) Researcher, Activist

Herzig,Jack

His testimony has more credibility because of his race

(1922 - 2005) Former U.S. Army counterintelligence officer

Herzig,Jack

Bringing the Japanese American community together through class-action lawsuit

(1922 - 2005) Former U.S. Army counterintelligence officer

Minami,Dale

Role of the redress movement in helping Nisei to open up about their wartime experiences

(b. 1946) Lawyer

Minami,Dale

Impact of the original Korematsu case on current events

(b. 1946) Lawyer

Embrey,Sue

Changing Minds

(1923–2006) Community activist. Co-founded the Manzanar Committee

Embrey,Sue

Prevailing Within the System

(1923–2006) Community activist. Co-founded the Manzanar Committee

Embrey,Sue

Fighting For What’s Right

(1923–2006) Community activist. Co-founded the Manzanar Committee